# 图片的基本设置

以下的例子都通过调用Axes方法的方式进行绘制

`Axes`

## 刻度

* 设置坐标轴上的刻度

```python
fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(10,6)) ##设置图片长宽
ax.set_xticks(np.arange(0,11,1))   ##设置11个坐标
```

* 修改坐标轴上显示的值

```python
ax.set_xticklabels([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,r'>10']) ##修改刻度上显示的值
```

* 设置tick label的字体、颜色、大小、角度等

```python
ax.set_xticklabels(
    [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,r'>10'],
    size='10',   ##字体大小
    rotation=45,    #修改刻度坐标的角度
    horizontalalignment='left',  ##水平方向的对齐方式
    color='red'   ##字体的颜色
    ) ##修改刻度值
###使用字典的方式进行修改
ax.set_xticklabels(
    ['reference','PacBio'],
    fontdict={
        'size':'13',
        'rotation':'45', ##旋转45度
        'horizontalalignment':'left'
    }
                  )
```

* 设置显示的上限

```bash
ax.set_ylim(0,10)
```

* 翻转坐标轴刻度和设置刻度线的位置

```bash
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('top')  # 设置x轴刻度线的位置
ax.invert_xaxis()  # 翻转x轴
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('right')  # 设置刻度线的位置
ax.invert_yaxis()  # 翻转y轴
```

* 在不改变刻度labels的情况下修改字体大小

  前面利用`set_xticklabels`函数修改labels字体大小时，必须要指定每个labels

```bash
plt.yticks(size=14)
```

### 图例

修改图片的文字大小

```python
ax.legend(wedges, ingredients,
          title="Isoform type",
          loc="center left",
          bbox_to_anchor=(1, 0, 0.5, 1),
          fontsize=12,  ##设置图例文字大小
          title_fontsize=14  ##设置图例title大小
         )
```

### 坐标轴

* 隐藏坐标轴

```bash
# 隐藏对应的坐标轴
ax.spines['bottom'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_visible(False)
```

#### 绘制矩形

使用line2D对象，绘制线条通过增加宽度变成矩形

```bash
import matplotlib.lines as lines
axe.add_line(
                lines.Line2D(
                    [0.6,0.7],
                    [10,10],
                    linewidth=10,
                    solid_capstyle='butt',
                    solid_joinstyle='miter',
                    antialiased=False,
                    color='#00b8a9')
)
```


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